Detection of non-milk fat in milk fat by gas chromatography and linear discriminant analysis |
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Authors: | R Gutiérrez S Vega J Sánchez A Ramírez M González |
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Affiliation: | * Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, and Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calz. Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, 04960 Coyoacán, México D.F. México † Departamento del Hombre y su Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calz. Hueso 1100, Villa Quietud, 04960 Coyoacán, México D.F. México |
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Abstract: | Gas chromatography was utilized to determine triacylglycerol profiles in milk and non-milk fat. The values of triacylglycerol were subjected to linear discriminant analysis to detect and quantify non-milk fat in milk fat. Two groups of milk fat were analyzed: A) raw milk fat from the central region of Mexico (n = 216) and B) ultrapasteurized milk fat from 3 industries (n = 36), as well as pork lard (n = 2), bovine tallow (n = 2), fish oil (n = 2), peanut (n = 2), corn (n = 2), olive (n = 2), and soy (n = 2). The samples of raw milk fat were adulterated with non-milk fats in proportions of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% to form 5 groups. The first function obtained from the linear discriminant analysis allowed the correct classification of 94.4% of the samples with levels <10% of adulteration. The triacylglycerol values of the ultrapasteurized milk fats were evaluated with the discriminant function, demonstrating that one industry added non-milk fat to its product in 80% of the samples analyzed. |
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Keywords: | gas chromatography linear discriminant analysis non-milk fat milk fat |
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