Simulation of time-dependent pool shape during laser spot welding: Transient effects |
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Authors: | Georg Ehlen Andreas Ludwig Peter R Sahm |
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Affiliation: | (1) Present address: the Foundry Institute, Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany;(2) Schott Glas, D-55122 Mainz, Germany;(3) Present address: Metallurgical Processes, Department of Metallurgy, University of Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria |
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Abstract: | The shape and depth of the area molten during a welding process is of immense technical importance. This study investigates
how the melt pool shape during laser welding is influenced by Marangoni convection and tries to establish general qualitative
rules of melt pool dynamics. A parameter study shows how different welding powers lead to extremely different pool shapes.
Special attention is paid to transient effects that occur during the melting process as well as after switching off the laser
source. It is shown that the final pool shape can depend strongly on the welding duration. The authors use an axisymmetric
two-dimensional (2-D) control-volume-method (CVM) code based on the volume-averaged two-phase model of alloy solidification
by Ni and Beckermann1] and the SIMPLER algorithm by Patankar.2] They calculate the transient distribution of temperatures, phase fractions, flow velocities, pressures, and concentrations
of alloying elements in the melt and two solid phases (peritectic solidification) for a stationary laser welding process.
Marangoni flow is described using a semiempirical model for the temperature-dependent surface tension gradient. The software
was parallelized using the shared memory standard OpenMP. |
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