页岩气开发现状及成功开发页岩气的关键因素

介绍页岩气的性质、特点、全球分布情况以及国内外勘探开发现状,世界范围内,泥、页岩约占全部沉积岩的60%,页岩气资源前景巨大。全球页岩气资源量为456.24×1012m3,主要分布在北美、中亚和中国、拉美、中东、北非以及前苏联地区等。我国页岩气可采资源量约为26×1012m3,与美国大致相当。在目前的经济技术条件下,页岩气是天然气工业化勘探的重要领域和目标。北美油气生产商把页岩气藏作为重要天然气开发目标,并且取得了巨大成功。通过对北美页岩气藏的深入研究并系统总结其勘探开发历史与成功经验,认为其有效勘探开发的关键在于有政策引导和水平井、水力压裂等先进钻、完井技术的成功应用。我国页岩气资源潜力很大,但我国对页岩气的研究与勘探开发尚处于探索阶段。从勘探技术、钻井技术、开发技术和政策支持四方面论述了页岩气开发的难点和技术对策,提出了国内页岩气成功开发的工作思路,对国内开展相关技术的研究有一定的指导意义。

Development Status and Key Factors of Successful Development of Shale Gas

The nature,characteristic,distribution in the world and exploration and development status both at home and abroad of the shale gas are briefly introduced.In the world,the mudstone and shale account for 60% of the whole sedimentary rocks,and the resource of shale gas has brightened prospect.The world amount of shale gas resources are 456.24×1012m3,mainly distributed in North America,Central Asia and China,Latin America,the Middle East,North Africa and USSR areas.Recoverable amount of shale gas resources in China is about 26×1012m3,almost the same as the America.In the current economic and technological conditions,shale gas is playing an important role in industrialization exploration of the natural gas.Oil and gas operators in North America are regarding the shale gas reservoirs as their important target for the natural gas development and achieved great success.Through in-depth investigation and summing up history and successful experience from the exploration and production of the shale gas reservoirs in North America,its key factor of effective exploration and production lies in their effective policy and successful application of the advanced drilling and completion technologies including horizontal well and hydraulic fracturing.The potential of shale gas resource is very big in China,but research and exploration and development of the shale gas in China is still at the exploratory stage.The difficulties and technical countermeasures in shale gas development are discussed in the field of the exploration technology,drilling technology,development technology and policy support in the paper.Furthermore,the ideas of successful shale gas development in China are proposed.All these may help the research on related technologies in the country.