青草沙水库水质监测布点的优化

青草沙水库建成后已成为上海市最重要的饮用水水源地，合理的监测垂线设置对准确掌握水库水质状况有着重要作用。运用TOPSIS法和物元分析法两种手段对水库现有的10条监测垂线进行优化论证，两种方法的优化结果相同，均优化成8条监测垂线。并对结果的合理性进行论证，对不同时段的数据进行分析，结果表明优化结果受水质季节性变化影响较小；优化后的8条监测垂线空间分布均匀，相邻垂线之间无明显的水质突变，表明优化后的点位已能较好地反映库区水环境。

Optimization of Monitoring Points Distribution for Water Quality in Qincaosha Reservoir

Qincaosha reservoir has been the most important drinking water sources in Shanghai;it is significant for the grasp of water quality to set the monitoring points reasonably. The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS）and matter element analysis was used to optimize the current monitoring points. Two methods caused the same result,which the current 10 points was optimized to 8 points. Then,the reasonableness of result was discussed. By analysis of different interval monitoring data,it is showed that the seasonal change of water quality has little effect on the result. By analysis of optimized 8 points,it is showed that the points are evenly distributed in space and there is no sudden change of water quality between the adjacent points. The water quality of the optimized 8 points can reflect that of the whole reservoir.