Calculation of proton energy losses in the intermediate energy region

Various binary encounter theories for calculation of proton stopping powers are analysed. It is shown that the influence of the Pauli principle on each electron shell contribution becomes important if the projectile velocity v₁ is of the same order as the considered electron orbital velocity v₂. For projectile velocities much greater and much lower than the electron orbital velocity its influence may be neglected. Furthermore, the effect of electron velocity distribution on the stopping power calculations is considered.