熔融静电纺制备超细取向纤维膜及其性能

采用熔融静电纺丝技术,利用高速滚筒制备超细取向纤维膜,以纺丝距离、纺丝电压、滚筒转速进行三因素三水平正交实验,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),探究各个因素对纤维取向度和纤维直径的影响,确定制备超细取向纤维膜的最优化工艺条件。同时,借助差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、拉伸实验及接触角测量仪对超细取向纤维膜的结晶性能、机械性能及疏水性进行了测试分析,并与平板接收的无序纤维膜进行对比。结果表明:当纺丝距离为10cm、纺丝电压为10kV、滚筒转速为1000r/min时,超细取向纤维表面光滑,纤维直径较小,排列紧密,具有良好的取向度,且超细取向纤维膜结晶度有所提升,水接触角变大,表现出较好的疏水性。同时,经过热压后的超细取向纤维膜机械性能明显提升。

Preparation and Performance Research of Ultrafine Oriented Fibrous Membrane via Melt-electrospinning

Melt-electrospinning technology and high-speed roller were used to prepare ultrafine oriented fibrous membrane.Orthogonal experiment considering three factors and three levels was conducted by spinning distance,spinning voltage and drum rotational speed.Meanwhile,scanning electron microscope (SEM) was utilized to explore the influences of various factors on the oriented degree and diameters of fibers,confirming the optimal process parameters for the preparation of ultrafine oriented fibrous membrane.And the ultrafine oriented fibrous membranes prepared under different technological conditions were characterized by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC),contact angle measurement instrument and tensile experiment.For comparison,the disordered fibrous membrane obtained by plain plate were also investigated by the characterization mentioned above.Results show that when the process conditions for spinning distance is 10cm,spinning voltage is 10kV and drum rotational speed is 1000 r/min,the surface of ultrafine oriented fiber is smooth,fibrous diameter is relatively small,closely arranged,with a good orientation degree.Moreover,the crystallinity of ultrafine oriented fibrous membrane is enhanced,the contact angle is increased,showing better hydrophobicity.And after hot pressing,the mechanical properties of the ultrafine fibrous membrane are improved significantly.