高岭土/聚磷酸铵阻燃硬质聚氨酯-酰亚胺泡沫塑料的制备与性能

采用聚酰亚胺(PI)预聚法,以高岭土(Kaolin,KL)和聚磷酸铵(APP)为阻燃剂,合成KL/APP阻燃硬质聚氨酯-酰亚胺(PUI)泡沫塑料。分析KL/APP的添加量和配比对氧指数、烟密度、炭层形貌、表观密度及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着KL/APP复配阻燃剂添加量的增加,硬质PUI泡沫塑料的氧指数、表观密度、压缩强度、压缩模量以及表面粉化程度均增加,且密度指数分别为1.999和1.764;烟密度随着KL含量的增大而减小,KL/APP阻燃剂能改善泡沫炭层疏松多孔的缺点。

Preparation and Properties of Rigid Polyurethane-imide Foams Flame Retarded by Kaolin/APP

PI pre-polymerization method was adopted to synthesize the rigid polyurethane-imide (PUI) foams flame retarded by kaolin(KL) and APP.The effect of content and ratio of KL/APP on the limited oxygen index,smoke density rank,char layer morphology,density and mechanical properties was analyzed.The results show that with the increase of content of KL/APP,the limited oxygen index,density,compressive strength and modulus and surface chalking degree of the rigid polyurethane-imide foams increase.The density exponent values for compression strength and compression modulus are fitted respectively as 1.999 and 1.764;while the smoke density rank of foams decreases with the increasing addition of KL.Moreover,the disadvantage of porous char layer of foams can be improved with the addition of KL/APP.