人-AI交互: 实现“以人为中心AI”理念的跨学科新领域

AI技术造福了人类，也给研发带来了挑战，如果开发不当，会伤害人类和社会。目前国内外还没有系统的跨学科工作框架来有效地应对这些新挑战。为顺应学科发展的交叉趋势，中国国家自然科学基金委2020年成立了交叉科学部。在这样的背景下，本文分析AI系统研发面临的新挑战，进一步阐述我们在2019年提出的“以人为中心AI”（human-centered AI，HCAI）研发理念和设计目标。目前，HCAI研发理念在国外是AI界的热门课题之一，为推动 HCAI 理念的落实，本文系统地提出了人?人工智能交互（human-AI interaction，HAII）的跨学科新领域，定义了其目的、范围、研究和应用重点等。通过文献综述和分析，本文总结了国内外HAII研究和应用的重点，提出了今后的主要研究方向。最后，针对今后HCAI理念和HAII领域的工作，提出了一系列对策和建议。

Human-AI interaction: An emerging interdisciplinary domain for enabling human-centered AI

The new characteristics of AI technology have brought new challenges to the research and development of AI systems. AI technology has benefited humans, but if improperly developed, it will harm humans. At present, there is no systematic interdisciplinary approach to effectively deal with these new challenges. This paper analyzes the new challenges faced by AI systems and further elaborates the “Human-Centered AI” (HCAI) approach we proposed in 2019. In order to enable the implementation of the HCAI approach, we systematically propose an emerging interdisciplinary domain of “Human-AI Interaction” (HAII), and define the objective, methodology, and scope. Based on literature review and analyses, this paper summarizes the main areas of the HAII research and application as well as puts forward the future research agenda for HAII. Finally, the paper provides strategic recommendations for future implementation of the HCAI approach and HAII work.