钛表面氧化锌与纤连蛋白复合修饰应用于抗种植体周炎的研究

种植体周炎会导致种植体周牙龈附着丧失、骨组织吸收, 甚至种植体松动、脱落。本研究采用原子层沉积技术联合硅烷化修饰在钛表面制备氧化锌纳米薄膜和纤连蛋白复合涂层。选取种植体周炎相关致病菌伴放线聚集杆菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌用作该复合涂层抗菌效果的体外验证。同时, 检测牙龈成纤维细胞在钛、氧化锌修饰钛及纤连蛋白与氧化锌复合修饰钛表面黏附、增殖及其相关基因的表达。在大鼠上颌第一磨牙位点通过注射细菌法建立种植体周炎模型, 并比较不同材料的钛钉周围骨破坏范围和牙龈组织中的炎症程度。实验结果显示, 该复合涂层对伴放线聚集杆菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌的24 h抗菌率分别为80.9%和75.7%; 牙龈成纤维细胞在复合修饰钛片表面展现出良好的黏附、增殖状态; 在大鼠种植体周炎模型中, Micro-CT结果显示, 纯钛钉周骨组织吸收为(1.14±0.71) mm, 而经复合修饰的钛钉周围骨组织吸收仅为(0.37±0.28) mm。石蜡切片观察和qPCR定量检测结果显示, 纯钛钉周牙龈及牙槽骨组织的炎症反应较重, 而经复合修饰的钛钉周围组织炎症反应明显减轻。因此, 该复合修饰可能在牙种植体防御细菌入侵、增强牙龈附着和降低牙龈炎症反应方面发挥作用。

Titanium Modified with ZnO Nanofilm and Fibronectin: Preventing Peri-implantitis and Biocompatibility

Peri-implantitis can lead to peri-implant attachment loss, bone absorption, and even implant loose or lost. In this study, the atomic layer deposition technique and silanization were applied to prepare a composite zinc oxide (ZnO) /fibronectin (Fn) coating on the surface of titanium (Ti). Peri-implantitis related bacteria, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. a) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. g), were chosen to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the composite coating. Spreading, proliferation and associated gene expression of human gingival fibroblasts on Ti, Ti/ZnO, and Ti/ZnO/Fn were evaluated. In vivo peri-implantitis model was established on SD rat maxilla through the infusion of mixed bacterial suspension. The peri-implant bone resorption and inflammatory infiltration in gingiva were investigated. The results showed that antibacterial efficacies of the composite coating against A. a and P. g for 24 h were up to 80.9% and 75.7%, respectively. Fibroblasts on the surface of Ti/ZnO/Fn showed adhesion and proliferation in vitro. In the model of peri-implantitis, Micro-CT showed that the amount of peri-implant bone absorption of Ti was (1.14±0.71) mm, while the amount of Ti/ZnO/Fn was only (0.37±0.28) mm. Moreover, the observation of paraffin section and qPCR revealed that inflammation level of gingiva and alveolar bone around Ti was lower in Ti/ZnO/Fn than in other groups. In conclusion, the composite coating for dental implants might be effective on defensing bacterial invasion, enhancing gingiva attachment and preventing inflammation response of gingiva.