中国人造金刚石的发展及其关键技术的进步

中国于1963年开始合成金刚石,给出其产量、质量(品质)演变数据。2000—2013年中国金刚石产量已连续14年稳居世界第1位,近年质量达到世界先进水平。给出质量评价方法,重点揭示了质量本征,首次给出金刚石中氧氮及其他杂质元素绝对含量测定的化学评价方法,并以此法对国内外代表性金刚石作了含量对比分析,两者十分接近。中国人造金刚石产量、质量的成就,归功于3大技术进步:六面顶压机的大型化、硬质合金顶锤的优质化、粉末触媒和间接加热工艺(粉状工艺)的工业化。较详细阐述了这3方面的技术特性、发展历程。

The development and key technological improvement of synthetic diamond in China

Synthetic diamond was started in 1963 in China. The evolution data of its output and quality were pre-sented. The output has been successively at the top of the world from 2000 until 2013 and quality has attained the advanced world level. A quality evaluation method revealing the intrinsic quality was also presented,which is the first chemical evaluation method for the absolute content determination of oxygen,nitrogen and other impurity in diamond. The content comparative analysis of representative diamond at home and abroad was made by this way. The testing results are very approached to each other. The achievement in the field of synthetic diamond in China should owe to three major technological improvements:large-sized cubic hinge press,high quality cemented car-bide anvil and industrialization of powder catalyst and indirect heating. Technological characteristics and develop-ment of the three aspects were elaborated.