中国的超导托卡马克装置HT—7U用炭基面对等离子体材料的研究

聚变能作为一种潜在的替代能源，可以为将来提清洁和无穷尽的能源供给，引起中国政府的高度重视。一项国家大科学工程“超导托卡马克HT－7U的建造”目前正在中国科学院合肥等离子体物理研究所实施。考虑到HT－7U将运行在高热负荷和近稳态的工作条件下，研究和选取面对等离子体候选材料就显得极为重要。中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所和合肥等离子体物理研究所合作致力于HT－7U用炭基面对等离子体材料的研究和开发。本文主要介绍了聚变能的优点，有关聚变研究的一些基本概念如托卡马克，等离子体，面对等离子体材料，壁材料和等离子体间的相互作用行为等。给出了HT－7U炭基面对等离子体材料的主要结果。相关的具体研究结果将在后续文章中给予报道。

RESEARCH ACTIVITIES ON CARBON BASED MATERIALS FOR PLASMA FACING COMPONENTS OF THEHT-7U SUPERCONDUCTING TOKAMAK DEVICE IN CHINA

Fusion power as a potential alternative, which can provide clean and infinite energy supply for future, has drawn great interest of China's government. A National Project of the HT 7U superconducting tokamak device is under building in IPP, CAS. Development and selection candidate materials for PFC of the HT 7U device are critically important due to its operation conditions under high heat flux and steady state. Some intensive collaboration research on carbon based materials for PFC of the HT 7U device has been carried out in this field between ICC, CAS and IPP, CAS. This paper introduces the benefits of fusion energy and some basic concepts such as tokamak, plasma, plasma facing components and plasma wall interactions. The primary results about carbon based materials for PFC of the HT 7U are presented. Detailed investigation and research results will be summarized and reported in a series of papers later.