中温氧化物燃料电池电解质材料制备和性能研究

中温固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFCs）的工作温度应低于800℃。本文重点对ZrO2基、CeO2基、Bi2O3基和ABO3型电解质材料的最新进展和发展趋势作了综述。以8%氧化钇稳定氧化锆（8YSZ）作为电解质的SOFCs,工作温度在1000℃左右。经较低价的碱土和稀土离子（Sr2＋,Ca2＋,Sc3＋和Y3＋）掺杂稳定ZrO2,在800℃,氧化钪掺杂氧化锆（Zr0.9Sc0.1O1.95,scandia doped zirconia,SSZ）的电导率（0.1S/cm）比Zr0.9Y0.1O1.95（10YSZ）的（0.03S/cm）高得多。薄膜化是改进氧化锆基电解质的电导性能的另一个途径。厚度小于10μm的YSZ基SOFCs,在800℃时功率密度最大可达2W/cm2。研究新的稳定的双掺杂电解质材料将会是CeO2基材料研究的重点。Y2O3和Sm2O3共掺杂（Y0.1Sm0.1Ce0.8O1.9,YSCO）在800℃时电导率可达到0.0549S/cm,电导活化能为0.77eV。Sr和Mg共掺杂LaGaO3（LSGM）阳离子导体已成为中低温SOFCs的重要候选电解质材料。钙钛矿型氧化物是除了Bi2O3以外氧离子电导率最高的陶瓷材料。寻求新的、优良的中温SOFCs电解质材料仍是目前推动中温SOFCs实用化的关键因素之一,薄膜化技术是研究的另一个重点。

Research in Preparation and Properties of Electrolyte Materials for Intermediate Temperature SOFC

The operation temperature of intermediate temperature SOFCs must be lower than 800℃. The latest progresses in the preparation and property study of electrolyte materials were reviewed in this paper, latest progress and trends of focus on the ZrO2-based, CeO2-based, Bi2O3-based and the ABO3 are discussed. 8% （mole fraction） yttria stabilized zirconia （8% in mole Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2, 8YSZ） electrolyte SOFCs, operating temperature at about 1 000 ℃. The relatively low-cost alkaline earth and rare earth ions （Sr2＋, Ca2＋, Sc3 ＋ and Y3＋） doped, stable ZrO2. Zr0.9Sc0.1O1.95（SSZ）has a conductivity of 0.1 S/cm at 800 ℃whereas Zr0.9Y0.1O1.95（herein after referred to YSZ））has a conductivity of 0.03 S/cm at the same temperature. Films of zirconia-based electrolytes is another way to improve the conduction properties . At 800℃YSZ thin film with a thickness less than 10μm cells demonstrated excellent performance, achieving power densities of 800 mW/cm2 at 0.8 V. Of new, stable electrolyte material doped GeO2-based materials will be the focus. Sm2O3 doped Y2O3 and CeO2 （Y0.1Sm0.1Ce0.8O1.9, YSCO） at 800 ℃ in air atmosphere the conductivity to 5.49 ×10-2S/cm, conductivity activation energy of 0.77eV. Sr and Mg doped LaGaO3 （LSGM） oxygen ion conductor has become an important candidate in the low-temperature SOFCs electrolyte materials. Perovskite-type oxide is in addition to the highest oxygen ionic conductivity than Bi2O3 ceramic materials. Find new, good intermediate temperature SOFC electrolyte material is one of the key tasks to promote the practical temperature SOFC.The film technology is another research focus.