Different trends for preparation of budesonide pellets with enhanced dissolution rate

The current research attempts different approaches to overcome the poor dissolution of budesonide (a poorly water-soluble drug) from pellet formulations. Various methods such as liqui-pellet (LP) and pellets made of solid dispersion (SDP) were employed and compared to conventional pellets (CP). In SDP method, budesonide:PVP solid dispersion was prepared followed by extrusion-pelletization. Solid dispersion of budesonide-PVP was also layered to the surface of placebo pellets (LSDP). In LP technique, budesonide dispersed in PEG 400 was mixed with Avicel or Avicel:lactose and was extruded-spheronized. Pellets were evaluated for their shape, size, mechanical properties and dissolution rate. The pellets made by LSDP method were significantly harder than CP or PSDP. LP with a loading factor greater than 0.34 was very soft compared to CP and SDP. Pelletization of budesonide SD (PSDP) did not have a tremendous effect on the dissolution enhancement of budesonide compared to CP whilst LSDP showed faster drug release. In conclusion, the layering of budesonide solid dispersion on placebo pellets (LSDP) was the most promising approach for the production of pellets with the highest dissolution rate so that more than 80% of the drug was released within the first 5 min. Also this formulation had proper mechanical properties. This method has the capability to overcome the poor dissolution of budesonide associated with the pellet containing Avicel, and could be employed for the dissolution enhancement of other poorly water-soluble drugs in pellet form.