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Photocatalytic degradation of phenol under visible light using electrospun Ag/TiO2 as a 2D nano-powder: Optimizing calcination temperature and promoter content
Affiliation:1. Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran;2. School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
Abstract:Phenol is one of the toxic materials, and releasing it into the water can be quite irritating and harmful to the health of organisms and the environment. In this study, phenol degradation was investigated using Ag/TiO2 electrospun nanofiber photocatalyst as a 2D nano-powder. Nanofibers have 2 dimensions in the range of nanometers but their length of them are in the range of micrometers. The micrometer size is an advantage for the separation of the photocatalyst from the suspension. Though, nanometer size is suitable for increasing the available surface for the light. The effect of silver content (0.5–15%) as a promoter and the calcination temperature (300–900 °C) was studied on the degradation of phenol over the synthesized nanofiber-based photocatalyst. Photocatalysts were characterized by various techniques including N2-physisorption, XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, FTIR, TGA/DSC, TPO, and DRS. The results have indicated that 5% of Ag content on TiO2 is the best promoter loading in these experiments. Furthermore, the calcination temperature of 450 °C is found to be the optimum value with an optimum rutile fraction of 23.8%. Maximum phenol degradation was 82.65% at pH = 7, catalyst dosage of 1.5 g/L, and phenol concentration of 5 ppm under a low power visible light (18 W).
Keywords:2D-nanopowder  Electrospinning  Phenol degradation  Calcination temperature  Ag promoter content
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