拜什塔木铜矿爆破开采软岩巷道围岩损伤规律研究

为了揭示中深孔爆破对软岩巷道围岩产生的损伤规律,以拜什塔木铜矿项目为依托,采用井下监测开采巷道围岩位移和巷道收敛变形的方法,对软岩巷道围岩在中深孔爆破作用下累计损伤规律进行了研究。结果表明,随着爆破不断向深部扩展,岩石蠕变速率不断增大,且靠近空区部分测点表现为向围岩深部移动的特征,软岩巷道围岩最大位移量为4 cm,表明现有支护形式可以抑制软岩巷道围岩变形的继续发展。10中段2^#测点的收敛速率介于0.02～0.5 mm/d之间,属于欠稳定巷道;1^#测点巷道收敛速率均大于0.5 mm/d,属于不稳定巷道,虽有减缓趋势,但变形量不断增加,且水平方向变形大于垂直方向变形,不利于软岩巷道围岩的稳定,应采取措施加固软岩巷道。

Damage Rule for Surrounding Rock of Soft-Rock Roadway in Blasting Excavation of Baishitamu Copper Mine

The Baishitamu copper mine project was taken in the research for revealing the damage rule for the surrounding rock of soft-rock roadway caused by medium-depth hole blasting. The cumulative damage of surrounding rock in soft-rock roadway under the action of medium-depth hole blasting was studied by using downhole observation of the surrounding rock displacement and convergence deformation of roadway. Results show that as the blasting proceeds towards the deep part, the creep rate of rock continues to increase, and some measurement points close to the mind-out area show the characteristics of movement towards the deep part of the surrounding rock. The maximum displacement of the surrounding rock in the soft-rock roadway is 4 cm, indicating that the existing support can restrain the continuous development of the surrounding rock deformation in the soft-rock roadway. The convergence rate of measurement point 2^# in the sublevel 10 is between 0.02~0.5 mm/d, indicating that the roadway is less stable. The convergence rate of measurement point 1^# is higher than 0.5 mm/d, indicating that the roadway is unstable. Although it is on the downward trend, the deformation continues to increase, being higher in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction, which is not conducive to the stability of the surrounding rock of the soft-rock roadway, thus measures should be taken to reinforce the soft-rock roadway.