Effects of deicers on the performance of concrete pavements containing air-cooled blast furnace slag and supplementary cementitious materials |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Scientist Laticrete International, Inc. One Laticrete Park North, Bethany, CT 06524-3423, USA;2. Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051, USA;1. School of Civil Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, The Key Laboratory on Durability of Civil Engineering in Shenzhen, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China;2. Shenzhen Graduate School of Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China;1. Department of Convergence Engineering for Future City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea;2. Daelim Industrial Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea;3. Sid and Reva Dewberry Department of Civil, Environmental, and Infrastructure Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea;5. Department of Civil Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, South Korea;1. School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA;2. School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;1. Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Structural Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark – Zwijnaarde 904, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium;2. Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador |
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| Abstract: | This study investigates the effects of continuous deicer exposure on the performance of pavement concretes. For this purpose, the differences in the compressive strength, the changes in the dynamic modulus of elasticity (DME) and the depth of chloride ingress were evaluated during and after the exposure period. Eight different concrete mixtures containing two types of coarse aggregates (i.e. air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) and natural dolomite) and four types of binder systems (i.e. plain Type I ordinary portland cement (OPC) and three combinations of OPC with fly ash (FA) and/or slag cement (SC)) were examined. These mixtures were exposed to three types of deicers (i.e. MgCl2, CaCl2, and NaCl) combined with two different exposure conditions (i.e. freezing-thawing (FT) and wetting-drying (WD)). In cold climates, these exposure conditions are the primary durability challenges that promote the physical deterioration of concrete pavements. The results indicated that among the studied deicers, CaCl2 had the most destructive effect on the tested concretes while NaCl was found to promote the deepest level of chloride ingress yet was shown to have the least damaging impact on concretes. The microstructure evaluation revealed that the mechanism of concrete deterioration due to the deicer exposure involved chemical reactions between the deicers and concrete hydration products. The use of FA or SC as partial replacements for OPC can offset the detrimental effects of both deicers and FT/WD cycles. |
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| Keywords: | Deicer Air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) Chloride penetration Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Calcium oxychloride Compressive strength |
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