Effect of mix design inputs,curing and compressive strength on the durability of Na2SO4-activated high volume fly ash concretes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S13JD, UK;2. Research and Development, Argos, Carrera 62 No. 19 - 04, Bogotá, Colombia;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S13JD, UK;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 este No. 19A-40, Edificio Mario Laserna, Oficina ML 632, Bogotá, Colombia;1. Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia;2. Isra University Office, Amman PO Box 33 and 22, 11622 Amman, Jordan;1. Fujian Provincial University Research Center for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;2. College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;3. Microlab, Section of Materials and Environment, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CN, the Netherlands;1. College of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China;2. Science and Technology Innovation Center of Smart Water and Resource Environment, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper aims to advance research on the use in concrete of a high volume of fly ash, with a high loss on ignition value, aiding in sustainable low carbon footprint construction. To this end, the work explores the benefits that may be achieved in terms of long-term concrete performance from the incorporation of fly ash along with a chemical activator. Durability tests are performed on concrete with an activated hybrid cementitious system: Portland cement (PC) and high volume fly ash with sodium sulfate. The chloride diffusion coefficient significantly decreased over time for the activated system (50% PC - 50% fly ash with added sodium sulfate) compared to the control samples (100% PC and 80% PC - 20% fly ash) at the same water to cementitious material ratio. This behavior is particularly evident in samples cured under controlled laboratory conditions (100% RH and 23 °C). However, outdoor curing increases the permeability for all concretes. Long term carbonation is also investigated under natural exposure conditions, and samples that are cured outdoors exhibit a significant carbonation depth. The compressive strength is correlated with the durability parameters: the durability performance improves as the compressive strength increases, indicating that as is the case for Portland cement (but not always for alkali-activated binders), the microstructural factors which yield high strength are also contributing to durability properties. |
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| Keywords: | Concrete durability Alkali-activated hybrid cement High volume fly ash Sodium sulfate Loss on ignition |
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