上海地区近地台风与季风湍流特性对比研究

为了研究上海地区近地台风与季风湍流特性的差异，基于高度10、20、30、40m处上海浦东风工程实测基地获得的风速风向数据，对台风“梅花”与季风作用下浦东地区近地湍流特性进行了对比分析。结果表明：台风“梅花”和季风作用下近地湍流度和阵风因子均随平均风速的增大而减小，不同的是前者变化速率随平均风速的增大而减小，而后者变化速率基本不变；相同高度处季风作用下各向湍流度和阵风因子均大于台风“梅花”作用下的结果，并给出了湍流度和阵风因子剖面的经验表达式；季风和台风影响下自相关系数均随迟滞时间的增大而逐渐减小，且高度越高衰减速率越慢，在相同高度处台风下的衰减速率明显比季风的大。

Comparison study on wind characteristics under typhoon and normal climate conditions in Shanghai area

Based on measured wind speed and wind direction data at the height of 10 m, 20 m, 30 m and 40 m in Shanghai Pudong district, the comparison study of fluctuating near ground wind characteristics during typhoon Muifa with monsoon characteristics was developed. The results show that turbulence intensities and gust factors all decrease with wind speed during typhoon as well as monsoon. The only difference is that the change rate decreases with wind speed during typhoon Muifa but almost constant during monsoon. The values of turbulence intensities and gust factors at the same observation height during typhoon Muifa are less than those during monsoon, and the empirical fitting expression of turbulence intensities and gust factors profiles are also obtained. The auto-correlation coefficients decrease gradually with lag timeτduring both typhoon Muifa and monsoon, and the decay rate decreases with observation heights. At the same observation height, the value of decay rate during typhoon Muifa is larger than that during monsoon.