微流控技术可控制备异形微颗粒功能材料的研究进展

异形功能性微颗粒由于具有独特的散射、流变和凝结等特性，被广泛应用于工业和临床医学等领域。微流控技术作为一种新兴的微流体操控技术，能够连续可控地制备尺寸均一、结构和功能多样化的微尺度材料。近年来，利用微流控技术制备异形功能微颗粒成为研究热点。主要综述了利用微流控技术制备多面体结构、棒条状、子弹形、多腔室结构、孔-壳形和螺旋形微颗粒功能材料的研究新进展，重点介绍了基于微流控通道的尺寸和形状的限制作用、基于微流控构建层流模板的可控光刻蚀、基于表面活性剂的种类或含量辅助诱导多重乳液反浸润过程和对利用微流控技术制备的单分散液滴进行二次操作制备异形微颗粒功能材料等方面的研究现状。

Recent progress in controllable preparation of anisotropic microparticle functional materials based on microfluidics

Shaped functional microparticles are widely used in industrial and clinical medicine due to their unique characteristics of scattering, rheology and condensation. Compared with other fabrication methods, microfluidics technology has the advantages of precise control, easy adjustment and continuous fabrication process. Moreover, the microscale materials prepared by microfluidics have uniform morphologies and diverse functions. Therefore, the preparation of anisotropic microparticle functional materials by using microfluidics has become a research hotspot. This paper reviews recent progress in fabrication of anisotropic polymer microparticle functional materials by microfluidics.The controllable fabrication of microparticles with polyhedral structures by combining the laminar flow produced in the PDMS microfluidics with controllable lithography, rod-like microparticles by combining the droplet microfluidics with confinement of microchannel or second manipulation, bullet-shaped microparticles by varying the flow rate of continuous fluid and the structure of microchannels, core-shell and multicompartment structure microparticles by surfactant-assisted dewetting of immiscible fluid droplets, helical microparticles by combining the microfluidics with rope coiling effects are highlighted. This review provides guidance for the further design and fabrication of anisotropic microparticle functional materials as well as their applications in industrial applications and clinical pathologies.