变化环境下地下水埋深动态特征及驱动因素分析

随全球气候变化和人类活动加剧,地下水循环系统发生着深刻的演变,研究变化环境下地下水埋深动态特征具有重要意义。从变化环境与地下水循环系统相互作用关系出发,利用乾安县2000—2015年地下水监测井水位埋深数据、气温、降水量、蒸发量及人工开采量、土地利用等资料,通过Mann-Kendall趋势检验、灰色关联度分析及衬度系数方差分析得出变化环境下研究区地下水动态特征:气候变化和人类活动是影响地下水埋深的主要因素; 16年来,研究区承压水位埋深显著增大,潜水埋深变化不显著;气候变化和人类活动分别是研究区潜水和承压水水位埋深动态的主要外在驱动因素,含水层自身厚度是控制承压水位埋深动态响应程度的内在因素,同时提出变化环境下干旱半干旱平原区地下水埋深响应机制。

Analysis on the dynamic characteristics of groundwater and driving factors within changing environment

With the global climate change and aggravation of human activities，groundwater systems especially groundwater dynamics，have undergone profound evolution. In terms of the interaction between the changing environment and the roundwater circulation system，Mann-Kendall trend test，grey correlation analysis and variance analysis of contrast coefficients are used to study the dynamic characteristics of groundwater in a changing environment with monitoring data of depth of the monitoring wells，temperature，precipitation，evaporation，artificial extraction and land use date in Qian’an County from 2000 to 2015. The results show that climate change and human activities are the main factors affecting groundwater depth. In the past 16 years，the depth of confined water in the study area increased significantly，while unconfined water changed little. Climate change and human activities are the main external driving factors for unconfined and confined water dynamics respectively while the thickness of the aquifer itself is an intrinsic factor controlling the dynamic response degree of the confined water. Meanwhile the response mechanism of groundwater depth in arid and semi-arid plain area under changing environment is proposed.