基于投影矩阵法的阵列天线波束形成方法

该文介绍一种阵列天线波束形成的新算法投影矩阵法，包括复系数、仅相位、仅幅度的波束形成技术，并推广应用到多目标波束综合设计中。文中首先给出采用投影矩阵法进行阵列天线复系数和仅相位波束形成的计算方法，然后提出仅幅度控制下的投影矩阵法，并进一步应用到多目标波束同时优化设计中。该文计算了多种工程应用例子，特别是满足全口径和多子孔径波束优化的仅幅度控制技术、满足多波束优化的仅相位控制及共用幅度优化技术，对算例的设计达到了采用优化激励系数控制波束指向、波束赋形、旁瓣电平等性能要求，实现了阵列天线的波束形成。仿真结果说明了投影矩阵法的有效性，适用范围广泛。 

Beam Synthesis Technique for Array Antenna Based on Projection Matrix Algorithm

A new beam synthesis technique of array antennas, namely Projection Matrix Algorithm (PMA), is investigated. The methods used for complex excitations optimization, and single beam synthesis under phase-only control are introduced firstly. Then the amplitude-only beam synthesis using improved PMA is presented. Furthermore, improved PMA is applied to the simultaneous synthesis of multiple object beams. Several engineering application examples are analyzed, including multi-beam synthesis of array antenna with the whole aperture and several sub-apertures under amplitude-only control, and multi-beam synthesis of array antenna under phase-only control with the common amplitude excitations. The patterns of the array antenna are effectively synthesized optimizing the excitations. The beam direction, beam-shape and side-lobe level requirements are all met. It is demonstrated that PMA is of effectiveness and wide applicability.