Fe2O3纳米纤维锂离子电池负极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

Fe₂O₃具有理论比容量高和价格低廉等特点, 已成为锂离子电池负极材料的研究热点之一。实验以不同质量比PVP/FeCl₃溶液为前驱体, 静电纺丝技术制备PVP/FeCl₃纳米纤维并热处理, 得到不同直径的Fe₂O₃纳米纤维负极材料, 并以水热合成法制备了Fe₂O₃纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射、热重、红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜和恒流充放电等测试手段对材料的物相、微观形貌和电化学性能进行表征。结果表明, Fe₂O₃纳米纤维比Fe₂O₃纳米颗粒表现出更优的电化学性能, 直径为160 nm的Fe₂O₃纳米纤维负极材料的倍率性能和循环性能最佳, 材料在0.1 A/g电流密度下的可逆容量为827.3 mAh/g;在2 A/g电流密度下70次循环放电比容量有439.1 mAh/g。

Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Fe2O3 Nanofibers as Anode Materials for LIBs

Due to high theoretical specific capacity and low cost, Fe₂O₃ has become an attractive research field in anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, by using PVP/FeCl₃ solutions with different concentrations as precursors, Fe₂O₃ nanofibers with different diameters were prepared by electrospinning technology and anneal treatment. In addition, Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. The crystalline structure, morphology and electrochemical performances of the composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and charge-discharge tests. Results showed that Fe₂O₃ nanofibers has better electrochemical performance than Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. Fe₂O₃ nanofibers with diameter of 160 nm exhibited the highest rate and cycle performance as anode material in LIBs. It was found that the Fe₂O₃ electrode could deliver a discharge capacity of 827.3 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g current density and 439.1 mAh/g at 2 A/g after 70 cycles.