NHRPA: a novel hierarchical routing protocol algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Considering severe resources constraints and security threat of wireless sensor networks (WSN), the article proposed a novel hierarchical routing protocol algorithm. The proposed routing protocol algorithm can adopt suitable routing technology for the nodes according to the distance of nodes to the base station, density of nodes distribution, and residual energy of nodes. Comparing the proposed routing protocol algorithm with simple direction diffusion routing technology, cluster-based routing mechanisms, and simple hierarchical routing protocol algorithm through comprehensive analysis and simulation in terms of the energy usage, packet latency, and security in the presence of node compromise attacks, the results show that the proposed routing protocol algorithm is more efficient for wireless sensor networks.