Mammalian-Like Inflammatory and Pro-Resolving Oxylipins in Marine Algae |
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Authors: | Hans Jagusch Tim U H Baumeister Prof Dr Georg Pohnert |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Instrumental Analytics/Bioorganic Analytics Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany;2. Fellow Group Plankton Community Interaction, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany |
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Abstract: | Oxylipins constitute a family of oxidized fatty acids, that are well known as tissue hormones in mammals. They contribute to inflammation and its resolution. The major classes of these lipid mediators are inflammatory prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs) as well as pro-resolving resolvins (Rvs). Understanding their biosynthetic pathways and modes of action is important for anti-inflammatory interventions. Besides mammals, marine algae also biosynthesize mammalian-like oxylipins and thus offer new opportunities for oxylipin research. They provide prolific sources for these compounds and offer unique opportunities to study alternative biosynthetic pathways to the well-known lipid mediators. Herein, we discuss recent findings on the biosynthesis of oxylipins in mammals and algae including an alternative pathway to prostaglandin E2, a novel pathway to a precursor of leukotriene B4, and the production of resolvins in algae. We evaluate the pharmacological potential of the algal metabolites with implications in health and disease. |
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Keywords: | biosynthesis inflammation natural products oxylipins pro-resolving |
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