“激励的悖论”——试论清代的盐业缉私

清政府对私盐活动的打击不遗余力,但私盐现象仍极为严重。根据博弈论“激励的悖论”模型可知,加大对走私盐犯的惩罚力度,只会短期有效,长期效果必须靠加强对相关执法部门的监督,以及对失职行为的查处来保证。清廷举措失当、重此轻彼,成为清代私盐泛滥的重要原因。

"Invigorative Contrary"——Suppressing Smuggling in the Qing Dynasty

salt that increasing punishing force to private salt crime only get efficiency in short time. Long time efficiency must be strengthening supervision to department of executing the law and checking-dealing with behavior in breach of duty. Improperness of measures was an important reason of private salt overrunning in the Qing Dynasty.