高抗水水性丙烯酸酯乳液的合成、表征及其在工业滤纸中的应用

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和OP-10为复合乳化剂,丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(FA)为主要原料,采用预乳化半连续种子聚合法制备具有核壳结构的高抗水性丙烯酸共聚乳液。利用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、接触角仪等对乳液及浸渍滤纸进行了表征;同时,讨论了核壳单体配比、乳化剂用量、引发剂用量以及含氟单体用量对反应与浸渍滤纸耐水性能的影响。结果表明,优化反应条件后,硬单体MMA配以适量FA单体为壳,制备的共聚乳液稳定性好,粒度均匀,具有明显球状和核壳结构。乳胶膜表面能随着含氟量的增加大幅度降低,当氟单体含量为16.3%时,其表面能降至19.9 m N/m。利用功能氟单体包覆于核层外表,当氟单体含量为4.7%时,原乳胶表面能从37.7 m N/m降至24.6 m N/m,所浸渍滤纸耐水性能明显优于不含氟乳液浸渍滤纸,达到"低氟高效"的效果。

synthesis and characteriZation of hiGh Water-resistant aQueous acrylate emulsion and its application in industrial filter paper

The acrylate copolymer emulsion with core-shell structure was prepared via pre-emulsified semi-continuous seeded polymerization using SDS and OP-10 as compound emulsifier,and methyl methyl-acrylate（ MMA）,butyl acrylate（ BA）and dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate（ DFMA）as main monomers. FTIR,SEM,TEM and CA were used to characterize the structure and properties of the product,mean-while,the influence of core-shell monomer ratio,the dosage of emulsifier,initiator and fluoride monomers on the reacting product and the water resistance of impregnated filter paper were studied. The results indi-cated that the product had good stability,uniform particle size and a structure of obvious ball and core-shell when the hard monomer MMA matched with a moderate amount of DFMA as the shell in an opti-mized reaction condition. The increase in fluoride monomer resulted in the reduction of surface energy of the copolymer films greatly. The surface free energy of copolymer film could be reduced up to 19. 9 mN/m when the DFMA content was 16 . 3%. With the fluorine monomer coated on the core part ,the surface free energy of copolymer film decreased from 37 . 7 mN/m to 24 . 6 mN/m when the DFMA content was only added to 4 . 7% and the water resistance of filter paper impregnated by the fluorine-containing emulsion was evidently superior to that of fluoride-free emulsion,thus the effect of“low fluorine high efficiency”was achieved ultimately.