大型LNG储罐完整性管理初探

完整性管理体系和评价方法在管道、设备、混凝土结构等领域已经得到一定程度的实践应用，而涉及更多学科、更为复杂的大型LNG储罐的完整性管理概念厘定和相应方法研究才刚刚起步，同时，特殊的罐体构造、极低的罐内操作温度（约-162 ℃）、存储介质的危险性质（LNG）、超大容量的存储空间［（8～20）×10⁴ m³/座］等本体特性和几乎不能中断运行的功能要求也使得大型LNG储罐的完整性管理特征不同于一般的钢制储罐。为此，基于对管道完整性管理的分析结果，通过对其概念起源和技术体系核心内容的研究，根据LNG储罐的基本特征和相关国际规范，提出了LNG全容罐完整性管理概念，并初步建立起了其完整性管理的体系框架，在钢制储罐的风险评价及国际上关于LNG储罐生命周期最新研究的基础上，形成了LNG储罐的完整性评价方法和内容，为中国LNG行业尽快导入完整性管理体系提供了参考和借鉴。

Integrity management systems for large LNG tanks

The integrity management systems and methods relevant to pipelines,equipments and concrete structures have been developed and applied in practice to some extent,whereas those for steel tanks,especially for large LNG tanks,involve a wide scope of disciplines and are still at the initial stage of development.The characters including special conformation,cryogenic operating temperature,hazardous nature of storage media,super-large inner volume,and strict functional request for non-interruption operating,determine that the distinct characteristics of large LNG tanks are different from those of normal steel tanks.Based on the analysis and experience of pipeline integrity management(PIM),the study on the origin of the PIM concept,and the core of the technical system,this paper proposes the concept of LNG tank integrity management(LNG-TIM) in accordance with the characteristics of LNG tanks and international codes.This paper also develops the integrity evaluation method and its main content based on the risk evaluation of steel tanks and the latest researches into the lifecycle of LNG tanks,which has great significance to the introduction of integrity management system to China’s LNG industry.