城市湖泊生态系统健康评价与修复研究

城市湖泊是城市湿地重要的组成部分,随着我国城市化进程不断地发展,对城市湖泊各种资源的需求日趋加强。在分析城市湖泊特征的基础下,提出了城市湖泊健康的内涵,基于此内涵构建评价指标体系,从自然湖泊状态、人-水关系的健康两方面提出12个指标描述城市湖泊生态系统的健康,并给出各指标的量化标准。以苏州市吴江市潜龙渠为例进行研究,计算表明潜龙渠健康综合指数2011年与2014年分别是0.343和0.582,可见潜龙渠已从"微病态"过渡为"亚健康"状态,湖泊生态环境改善明显,说明该指标体系适用性较强,充分体现城市湖泊的特征,评价结果较为客观,易于推广。评价结果表明,潜龙渠生态修复措施颇有成效,梳理潜龙渠生态修复方案以供其他城市湖泊借鉴,为城市湖泊生态系统的管理、治理提供决策依据与经验。

Study on health assessment and restoration of urban lake ecosystem

Urban lake is an important part of city wetland. With the continuous development of urbanization process, the demand for various resources of urban lakes has become increasingly strengthened. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of urban lake, the concept of urban lakes'' health were put forward and the evaluation index system from the natural state of lakes and man - water relationships was constructed. Then 12 indexes to describe the urban lake ecosystem health were put forward, and the quantitative standard of each index was given. Qianlong Lake in Wu Jiang was used as an example for research. The results showed that, the comprehensive health index of Qianlong Lake in 2011 and 2014 were 0.343 and 0.582, respectively. It meant that Qianlong Lake had transformed from "micro pathological" to "sub-health" state. The ecological environment improvement of the lake was obvious, which showed that the index system had strong applicability,fully embodied the characteristics of the urban lakes. The evaluation results were objective and easily to extend. The assessment results showed that, the ecological restoration measures of Qianlong Lake was quite effective, so the Qianlong Lake ecological restoration system were arranged and supplied references for other urban lakes, it provided decision-making basis and experiences for the management of urban lake ecological system.