交互界面的形式解析

目的 自数字界面产生以来，依靠其独特优势逐渐成为主流的交互形式。排除技术发展的限定因素外，传统的物理界面仍在诸多领域发挥着不可替代的作用。而今设计领域对数字界面的认识出现过度依赖或为新而新的取宠态势。为回归理性，促成最佳的人机交互状态，有必要厘清两种界面的价值范围，为二者间的互惠共存、平衡发展提供理论依据。方法 在遵从以人为本的交互原则基础上，从建构前提、存在本质、优化呈现等角度分别采用不同的理论梳理两种界面的建构逻辑，从中明晰二者各自的优势，进而推导出不同情境下的选用原则。结论 在追求直觉性操控、塑造细腻感官体验、视觉失效的任务场景，强调操控精细度、强化人机信任度等条件下宜于选用物理界面;而在简化复杂任务、塑造超验性交互、实现信息可识化、追求体验个性化等条件下选用数字界面则更为合适。

Analysis of the Form of Interactive Interface

Since the emergence of digital interface, it has gradually become a mainstream interactive form depending on its own advantages. The traditional physical interface still plays an irreplaceable role in many fields, excluding the limited factors of technological development. In the current design field, the digital interface is excessively depended on or consciously used. In order to return to rationality, promote the optimal human-computer (machine) interaction state and provide theoretical basis for the mutual coexistence and balanced development between them, it is necessary to clarify the value range of the two interfaces. On the basis of human-centered interaction principle, different theories were used to sort out the construction logic of the two interfaces from the perspectives of construction premise, existence essence and optimization presentation, etc., to clarify their respective advantages, and then the selection principles under different situations were deduced. It is suitable to choose the physical interface under the conditions of pursuing intuitive control, shaping delicate sensory experience, task scene with visual failure, emphasizing the precision of control, and strengthening the trust between man and machine. It is more appropriate to choose digital interface under the conditions of simplifying complex tasks, shaping transcendental interaction, realizing information identification and pursuing experience personalization.