粮食中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇检测方法研究进展

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（deoxynivalenol，DON）具有免疫毒性、器官毒性、蛋白质合成抑制和致畸性。粮食在不当的储藏条件下，容易受真菌污染而产生DON，DON被人体或动物摄入后，会引起严重的健康问题。DON性质稳定，在加工过程中难以被破坏和除去，是粮食生产加工过程中的重要安全隐患。我国粮食中DON含量超标问题突出，因此，准确、高效的DON检测方法对保障粮食安全，保证人体安全健康至关重要。该研究总结了近年来粮食中DON的主要检测方法，主要包括薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱-质谱法、酶联免疫法、侧流免疫层析法、光谱法、电化学法和表面等离子共振法等。通过探讨这些检测方法的优缺点，对各种方法进行了对比和总结，并对DON检测方法的发展趋势进行展望，为开发新型的检测方法提供理论支持，有利于推动准确快速检测方法在粮食安全检测中的应用。

Progress on the Detection Methods of Deoxynivalenol in Grain

It is known that deoxynivalenol (DON) has immunotoxicity, organotoxicity, inhibition of protein synthesis and teratogenicity. Grain under improper storage conditions is easily contaminated by mold which produces DON. DON can cause serious health problems after ingested by humans or animals. DON is stable and difficult to be destroyed and removed in the processing process, which is an important and potential safety hazard in the grain production and processing. There is a serious problem that DON exceeds the maximum residue limit in grain in China. Therefore, accurate and efficient DON detection methods are of great importance to ensure grain safety and human health. In this paper, the main methods for the detection of DON in cereals in recent years were summarized, including thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, enzyme-linked immunoassay, lateral flow immunoassay strips, Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical method, surface plasmon resonance method, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of these detection methods were discussed and compared. At last the development trend of DON detection methods was prospected. It could provide theoretical support for the development of new detection methods, and is conducive to promoting the application of accurate and rapid detection methods in food safety detection.