复杂运动目标ISAR成像技术进展与展望

逆合成孔径雷达成像是宽带雷达实现目标信息获取和精细描述的重要途径，但在成像过程中存在复杂运动导致散焦和成像分辨率不高两个难题。针对目标复杂运动导致成像散焦问题，本文总结了微动对雷达波调制、进动目标成像、三维运动成像、分离部件成像等技术现状；针对成像分辨率不高问题，分析了多频段宽带回波相参配准、融合成像等技术进展。本文介绍了雷达成像新技术，为解决上述两个难题带来新的思路和途径，其中，雷达关联成像不依赖于雷达与目标的相对运动，可避免成像的复杂运动补偿；太赫兹雷达成像容易实现大带宽和窄波束，获得目标精细雷达像。最后对新兴技术的难点和发展趋势进行了展望。

Research Advances in ISAR Imagery of Complex Motion Target

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) is an important approach to derive detailed information of wideband radar target, where defocusing caused by complex motion and low resolution are two key difficulties. This paper gives a survey of radar imaging of complex motion target, including modulation effect of micro motion, procession target imaging, three dimensional motion target imaging and separate motion parts imaging. Aiming at improving image resolution, coherent compensation among sub bands and fusion imaging are also demonstrated. Then new approaches of radar imaging are presented, wherein radar coincidence imaging is irrelevant to the relative motion between radar and target, thus avoid compensating complex motions. In THz imaging it is easy to implement large bandwidth and narrow wave beam; thereby the formulated high resolution images are with more details which are beneficial to target recognition. Finally, difficulties and directions for these two newly developing techniques are pointed out.