一种多目标传感器优化布置方法及其应用

为解决复杂结构损伤识别中的传感器优化布置问题,以某发射台为研究对象,提出了一种多目标传感器优化布置方法(multi-objective optimum sensor placement,简称MO-OSP)。从结构运动方程出发,推导了同时具有各自由度模态独立性信息、损伤灵敏度信息以及运动能量信息的综合信息矩阵。根据信息熵原理,以协调灵敏度矩阵条件数最小和信息矩阵最大为目标,构造了能够兼顾算法敏感性和鲁棒性的目标函数,进而实现测点优选。采用多个评价准则和损伤识别实例,将所提方法与已有的3种典型传感器优化布置方法进行了对比分析。结果表明,提出的MO-OSP方法能充分满足模态线性独立和损伤敏感性,还具有较强的抗噪声性能,是解决复杂结构损伤识别中传感器优化布置问题的有效方法。

Multi-objective Optimal Sensor Placement Method and Its Application

In order to solve the problem of optimum sensor placement in the damage detection of complex structures, this paper presents a multi-objective optimum sensor placement method (MO-OSP). An integrated information matrix was deduced from the structural motion equation, which includes information on mode independence, damage sensitivity and modal strain energy. Based on the information entropy, an objective function was set up with the criterion of maximum norm of the information matrix and minimum condition number of the sensitivity matrix, and then the sensors optimization was carried out. The improved MO-OSP method was compared with three typical optimal sensor placement methods in terms of several evaluation criteria based on damage tests on the launch platform. Numerical example analyses showed that the improved method could not only ensure the linear independence of mode shapes and damage sensitivity, but also had outstanding robustness, thus making it an ideal method for solving the problem of optimum sensor placement in the damage detection of complex structures.