一种能量感知的无线传感网拓扑控制算法

本文为不平衡能量分布的异构无线传感网构建一种拓扑控制算法EADCA。在该算法中，每个节点根据自己的剩余能量和邻居节点的平均剩余能量计算簇头声明报文发送的理论时刻；在该理论时刻，没收到任何簇头声明报文的节点成为簇头，该簇头广播簇头声明报文；收到簇头声明报文的节点成为普通节点并放弃发送簇头声明报文。同时，该算法在簇头竞争过程中使用经验数据，并对孤立节点和能量过低节点进行休眠。仿真结果表明，EADCA能够延长网络生命周期，有效控制簇头分布密度。

An Energy-Aware Topology Control Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

A topology algorithm EADCA for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks with imbalanced energy distribution is presented. In the proposed algorithm, every node computes its theoretical time of sending the cluster head declaration message according to its remaining energy and the average remaining energy of its neighbors. At the theoretical time, the node which has not received any cluster head declaration message will become the cluster head and broadcast the cluster head declaration message; on the other hand, the node which has received the cluster head declaration message before will become the member node and give up broadcasting any cluster head declaration message. Meanwhile, this algorithm makes use of empirical data and makes the isolated nodes and the nodes with less energy sleep for a round in the process of electing cluster heads. Simulation results show that EADCA can extend the network life cycle, and effectively control the distribution density of the cluster heads.