考虑多体承载啮合斜齿行星齿轮动载特性分析

斜齿行星传动在高速重载场合中应用越来越广泛，其动载特性研究对减振降噪具有重要意义。正确地描述行星齿轮系统的啮合刚度和啮合误差是进行动力学分析的前提，为此，紧密结合齿轮几何分析与力学分析，提出行星齿轮承载接触分析技术，获得各齿轮副的耦合时变啮合刚度，并计算其啮合冲击力，为行星齿轮动力学深入分析奠定基础；其次，应用集中参数法建立考虑齿轮副安装误差、刚度激励及啮合冲击激励的斜齿行星传动啮合型弯-扭-轴动力学模型，采用数值法求解系统的动载特性。表明：考虑啮合冲击激励时，随转速的增加动载荷增加更为明显；共振转速附近，啮合冲击对动态啮合力的影响较小；安装误差特别是中心距误差是引起各齿轮副啮合刚度不同的主要原因，其进一步导致了系统的共振转速变多；行星轮浮动可以明显降低共振转速处的动载荷，由于各外（内）齿轮副刚度的不同，随转速的增加行星轮浮动使得部分齿轮副的动态啮合力明显降低。

Dynamical Force Characteristics for Helical Planetary Gear Considering Loaded Tooth Contact of Multi-gears

With helical planetary gears widely used in the case of high-speed and heavy loads, the study of dynamic loads characteristics is of great significance for reduction vibration and noises. Firstly, correctly describing meshing stiffness and meshing error of planetary gear is the top?priority?of dynamic analysis, so an approach of loaded tooth contact analysis for planetary gears(PLTCA) combining gear geometry analysis and mechanical analysis of tooth was proposed to calculate meshing stiffness of gears and corner meshing impact, which was prepared for further analysis of planetary gear dynamics. Secondly, a lumped-parameter planetary gear model was established considering time-varying meshing stiffness and corner meshing impact excitations, and forced response were got by solving the dynamic equations with numerical method; Finally, the results show that the dynamical?meshing forces increased remarkablely with the speed increase except resonance speed. Besides, installation error, especially the center distance error, was responsible for the difference in value of meshing stiffness, and for the multi-resonance speeds, furthermore. Floating planetary gear significantly reduced the dynamic force at the resonant speeds, and the dynamic meshing force of some gears were obviously reduced with the increase of speeds due to the difference in value of meshing stiffness