水上光伏电站对淮南采煤沉陷积水区水生态环境的影响

为研究我国淮南采煤沉陷积水区特大型漂浮式水上光伏(FPV)电站对水生态环境的影响，对不同FPV覆盖率的湖泊及周围水体分季节进行水生态关键指标监测和分析，通过数理统计方法对比分析了典型水生态指标活性叶绿素与藻蓝蛋白、常见水质参数和重金属元素浓度。结果表明：光伏板的覆盖减弱了水生态指标与营养盐指标之间的相关性，降低了水体中浮游植物对营养盐的利用率，约50%的FPV覆盖率可防止水体进一步富营养化；采煤沉陷积水区中重金属元素浓度极低，且FPV组件未导致水体中重金属元素浓度的升高；在类似淮南大面积采煤沉陷积水区开展FPV电站建设是实现生态环境改善和高效开发利用废弃矿山值得探索的重要方向。

Influence of floating photovoltaic power plants on water ecological environment in coal mining subsidence water area of Huainan City

To study the impacts of super-large floating photovoltaic (FPV) power plants on the key indicators of the water ecological environment in the coal mining subsidence water area in Huainan, China, the key water ecological indicators of lakes and surrounding water bodies with different photovoltaic panel coverage rates were monitored and analyzed in different seasons. Based on contrasting and analyzing the concentrations of typical water ecological indicators of chlorophyll and phycocyanin, common water quality parameters, and heavy metal element concentrations with mathematical statistical methods, it was found that the coverage of photovoltaic panels weakened the correlation between water ecological indicators and nutrient indicators, and reduced the utilization rate of nutrients by phytoplankton in the water body, and FPV with a coverage rate of about 50% could prevent further eutrophication of the water body; the concentrations of heavy metal elements were very low in the whole area, and the photovoltaic modules laid on water did not increase the concentrations of heavy metal elements in the water body. The construction of FPV power plants in large-scale coal mining subsidence water areas similar to those areas in Huainan is an important direction that is worth exploring for the improvement of the ecological environment and efficient development and utilization of abandoned mines.