PCBN刀具切削堆焊钴基合金的试验研究

采用PCBN刀具对堆焊钴基高温合金层进行切削试验,研究不同的切削用量和刀尖圆弧半径对表面粗糙度和切削力的影响规律,并采用离差分析法对其影响程度进行评估。试验结果及分析表明:切削加工堆焊钴基合金时,切削力和表面粗糙度的部分变化规律有别于传统切削理论,这是因为钴基堆焊合金特有的物理机械性能、堆焊层组织状态、PCBN刀具的性能特点及所选取的几何参数使切削区域材料性能变化和刀具磨损特征不同于传统切削理论所致。试验获得的表面粗糙度值较小,符合以车代磨的加工工艺要求。由离差分析结果可知,进给量对表面粗糙度、主切削力和背向力影响最大,背吃刀量对进给力的影响最大。

Research on Cutting Surfacing Cobalt-Base Alloy by PCBN Tools

The cutting orthogonal experiments are carried out when machining surfacing cobalt-base alloy with PCBN cutting tools.The effect of cutting parameters and tool′s nose radius on cutting force and surface roughness are researched and the level of influence is evaluated by the method of deviation analysis.The results of test show that in the turning process of surfacing cobalt-base alloy,some variation rule of the cutting force and the surface roughness is inconsistent with the traditional cutting theory.The main reason for this phenomenon is that firstly,the surfacing cobalt-base alloy is provided with unique physical and mechanical properties and microstructure of the surfacing layer;secondly,the PCBN tools have special performance characteristics and selected geometric parameters.These will make the material properties of the cutting area and the wear characteristics of the tool different from the traditional cutting theory.In addition,the surface roughness obtained is small in the test,it meets the processing requirements of the process of grinding is replaced by turning.The result of the final deviation analysis is that the feed rate has the greatest influence on the surface roughness,the main cutting force and the back force,and the back-feeding amount has the greatest influence on the feed force.