临时性到常备化:突发公共卫生事件下救治设施空间规划供给研究

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对人类健康安全、经济发展和社会稳定造成了巨大的威胁。为应对疫情,我国很多城市建设了临时性的应急救治设施。文章从广西龙潭医院临时全负压病区建设面临的问题出发,分析了空间规划供给不足导致城市在应对突发公共卫生事件中的被动性,认为临时应急救治设施应当向常备化转变。从空间规划内容的角度,提出将突发公共卫生事件的救治设施分为永久专用救治设施、临时专用救治设施和临时借用救治设施3类,实现多元设施的复合式常备化供给;要以区域观来构建不同层级的区域防疫救治设施联动体系;提出要将突发公共卫生事件救治设施纳入空间规划体系,并在省级、市级、县级国土空间规划、控制性详细规划中进行有效传导与落实。

From Temporary to Standing: Research on Spatial Planning Supply of Treatment Facilities for Serious Public Health Emergencies

The COVID-19 has posed a great threat to human health,safety,economic development and social stability.Many cities in China have built temporary emergency treatment facilities in response to the epidemic.Based on the problems in the construction of temporary total negative pressure ward in Longtan Hospital of Guangxi,this paper analyzes the passivity of the project caused by insufficient supply of space planning,and emergency treatment facilities shall transfer from temporary to standing mechanism.From the perspective of spatial planning,major emergency treatment facilities can be divided into three categories,permanent,temporary,and borrowed temporary treatment facilities,so as to realize the composite standing supply of multiple facilities.At the same time,a regional epidemic prevention and treatment facilities system with different levels shall be established.Major emergency treatment facilities should be included in the spatial planning system,implemented from provincial,urban land use and spatial plan,and regulatory plans.