香蕉皮接枝丙烯酸制备吸水树脂的工艺探讨

研究以天然易得、纤维素含量高的香蕉皮粉为接枝骨架,丙烯酸为接枝单体通过自由基接枝共聚在水溶液中合成吸水树脂的工艺,实现香蕉皮的废物利用,并对树脂生产工艺进行优化。考察了丙烯酸中和度、体系总水量、香蕉皮粉用量、引发剂用量、交联剂用量等条件对树脂在蒸馏水和0.9%Na Cl溶液中吸水性的影响,同时探讨了亚硫酸钠对聚合反应时间和温度的影响及扩大反应体系后树脂的温度变化。结果表明,各试剂用量对树脂吸水性都有不同程度的影响,在最优工艺下形成的树脂对蒸馏水和生理盐水的吸水量分别为161.05 g/g和46.03 g/g,亚硫酸钠可以缩短反应开始时间降低引发温度,大型反应可通过自身反应放热完成接枝共聚。该实验简化了生产工艺,降低了生产要求,有良好的应用前景。

Preparation of Super Absorbent Polymer by Banana Peel Grafted with Acrylic Acid

A super absorbent polymer was synthesized by means of free-radical graft copolymerization in the aqueous solution. The natural and cellulose-rich banana peel was used as the grafting skeleton and the acrylic acid was used as the grafting monomer to realize the waste reclamation of banana peel and optimize the production process of resin. The effects of acrylic acid neutralization degree, total water content of the system, amount of banana peel powder, initiator dosage and crosslinker dosage on the water absorption of resin in distilled water and 0.9% NaCl solution were investigated. The effects of sodium sulfite on polymerization time, temperature and the changes of resin temperature after the expansion of reaction system were also studied. Results showed that the dosage of each reagent had different effects on the water absorption of resin. The water absorption of the resin formed under the optimum process was 161.05 g/g and 46.03 g/g respectively for distilled water and normal saline. In addition, sodium sulfite could shorten the reaction time and reduce the initiation temperature. For a large-scale reaction, the graft copolymerization can be completed by its exothermic reaction. This study simplified the production process and optimized the production conditions, showing good application prospects.