Application of DSA-type electrodes to a positive grid in lead-acid batteries

The possibility of the use of modified DSA-type electrodes as positive grids in lead-acid batteries was examined by anodic polarization measurements, charge-discharge tests and self-discharge tests of the Ti/RuO₂ and Ti/RuO₂/-PbO₂ electrodes. The passivation of a titanium base was retarded by using a very thin film of ruthenium dioxide. The Ti/RuO₂/-PbO₂ electrode could be used as a positive grid to a certain extent. On the other hand, the Ti/RuO₂ electrode showed the worse characteristics for the positive grid, mainly due to the low oxygen overvoltage of the ruthenium dioxide layer. Some other problems to be solved have also been pointed out.