Influence of loading rate on concrete cone failure |
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Authors: | J Ožbolt K K Rah D Meštrović |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute of Construction Materials, University of Stuttgart, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany;(2) Faculty of Civil Engineering Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia |
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Abstract: | Three different effects control the influence of the loading rate on structural response: creep of bulk material, rate dependency
of growing microcracks and structural inertia. The first effect is important only at extremely slow loading rates whereas
the second and third effects dominate at higher loading rates. In the present paper, a rate sensitive model, which is based
on the energy activation theory of bond rupture, and its implementation into the microplane model for concrete are discussed.
It is first demonstrated that the model realistically predicts the influence of the loading rate on the uniaxial compressive
behaviour of concrete. The rate sensitive microplane model is then applied in a 3D finite element analysis of the pull-out
of headed stud anchors from a concrete block. In the study, the influence of the loading rate on the pull-out capacity and
on the size effect is investigated. To investigate the importance of the rate of the growing microcracks and the influence
of structural inertia, static and dynamic analyses were carried out. The results show that with an increase of the loading
rate the pull-out resistance increases. For moderate loading rates, the rate of the microcrack growth controls the structural
response and the results of static and dynamic analysis are similar. For very higher loading rates, however, the structural
inertia dominates. The influence of structural inertia increases with the increase of the embedment depth. It is shown that
for moderately high-loading rates the size effect becomes stronger when the loading rate increases. However, for very high-loading
rate the size effect on the nominal pull-out strength vanishes and the nominal resistance increases with an increase of the
embedment depth. This is due to the effect of structural inertia. |
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Keywords: | Concrete concrete cone failure crack band approach finite element analysis microplane model rate sensitivity |
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