红外探测器降温时间的影响因素分析

为了提高武器系统的战术指标,需要实现红外探测器的快速降温。通过分析探测器结构列出了影响探测器降温时间的相关因素。然后分别进行了降低杜瓦冷台热容、降低热耗、提升冷台部分粘接剂的导热系数以及调整制冷器喷液口到杜瓦冷台距离等方面的降温时间对比试验。通过分析试验结果得出以下结论:对于锥形金属杜瓦来说,影响最大的因素是冷台部分的热容,降温时间缩短与热容降低的比例接近;其次是制冷器与杜瓦之间的热交换效率;改善其它因素也能缩短探测器的降温时间,但效果不明显。该结论为红外探测器降温时间研究的改进方向提供了更为直观的参考。

Analysis on Influence Factors of Cooling Time of Infrared Detectors

In order to improve the tactical index of weapon system, it is necessary to realize the rapid cooling of infrared detectors. In this paper, the factors affecting the cooling time of the detectors are listed by analyzing the structure of the detectors. The comparative experiments of cooling time are made separately by reducing the heat capacity of dewar cooling stage, reducing the heat loss, improving the thermal conductivity of the adhesives and adjusting the distance between the nozzle and the cooling stage. By analyzing the experimental results, the following conclusions are drawn: for conical metal dewar, the biggest factor affecting the cooling time is the heat capacity of the cooling stage, and the proportion of the cooling time reduction is close to that of the heat capacity reduction. The second biggest factor is the efficiency of heat exchange between the cooler and the dewar. Improving other factors can also reduce the cooling time of the detectors, but the effect is not significant. The conclusion provides a more direct reference for improving the cooling time of infrared detectors.