北京城市公园春季人工声景构成及其变化

声景是生态学的一个新兴领域,通过声学手段反映生态系统质量、研究生物活动规律.选择北京五环内的10个城市公园,采集公园内春季的声音数据,并基于城市公园声景声谱图,结合功率谱密度的计算,研究北京城市公园人工声的构成及其昼夜变化规律.结果 显示:1)北京城市公园人工声主要分布于低频0.2～2.5kHz;2)春季北京公园内的人...

Characteristics and Temporal Variation of Spring Anthrophony in Urban Parks in Beijing

Soundscape is an emerging field in ecology. Acoustic methods can reflect the quality of ecosystems and study the laws of biological activities. In this study, ten urban parks within the fifth ring road of Beijing were selected. The sound data of spring in the park were collected to study the composition of anthrophony in Beijing urban parks and their temporal changes. Methods: Based on the study of spectrogram and the calculation of power spectral density, the experiment will reflect the composition characteristics and variation of anthrophony in urban parks. Results: 1) Anthrophony in Beijing urban parks are mainly distributed at low frequencies of 0.2-2.5kHz and occupy a major position in the soundscape; 2) There are 38 kinds of anthrophony in Beijing parks in spring, including 6 kinds of traffic sounds, 5 kinds of human sounds, 8 kinds of mechanical sounds, and 19 kinds of activity sounds. Among them, the length of human sounds is the longest; There are 13 types of discrete anthrophony and 25 types of continuous anthrophony, and the length of continuous sounds is the longest; 3) In Beijing urban parks, anthrophony mainly consists of human sounds and activity sounds. In comprehensive parks, community parks, amusement parks, and specialized parks, human sounds appear for the longest time, however in country parks, traffic sounds appear the longest; 4) The variation law of anthrophony indifferent parks were consistent in day and night. The anthrophony during the day were significantly more than that at night. Conclusions: Human activities have a great influence on urban soundscape. Anthrophony plays a major role in the whole soundscape of urban parks which is composed of a wide range of sources. Anthrophony in urban parks mainly consists of activity sound and human sound.