Exploitation of Beach Sand as a Low Cost Sorbent for the Removal of Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

Beach sand is used to remove traces of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Effect of shaking speed, amount of sorbent, shaking time, nature and concentration of different electrolytes and deionized water along with buffer of pH 2–10 Apak, R., Guclu, K. and Turgut, M. H. 1998. Modeling of copper(II), cadmium(II), and lead(II) adsorption on red mud. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 203: 122 Ma, Y. Q., Traina, S. J., Logen, T. J. and Rayan, J. A. 1994. Effect of aqueous Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn on Pb immobilization by hydroxyapatite. Environ. Sci. Technol., 28: 1219 Zhang, P. and Ryan, J. A. 1998. Formation of pyronorphite in analgesite‐hydroxiapatite suspension under varying pH conditions. Environ. Sci. Technol., 32: 3318 Marcantonio, F., Flower, G., Thien, L. and Ellgaard, E. 1998. Pb isotopes in tree rings chronology of pollution in BayouTrepagnier; Louesiana. Environ. Sci. Technol., 32: 2371 Klaassen, C. D. 2001. Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: the basic science of poisons, 6th Ed. Edited by: Klaassen, C. D. New York: McGraw Hill. Plunkett, E. R. 1987. Handbook of Industrial Toxicology USA: Edward Arnold Publication Co; Inc. Hasany, S. M. 2000. Inorganic ion‐exchangers for the treatment and disposal of industrial effluents. The Nucleus, 37: 187 (and references therein) Hasany, S. M., Ahmed, R. and Chaudhary, M. H. 2003. Investigation of sorption of Hg(II) ions onto coconut husk from aqueous solution using radiotracer technique. Radiochim. Acta., 91: 533 (and reference therein) Hasany, S. M., Saeed, M. M. and Ahmed, M. 2003. Sorption of traces of silver ions onto polyurethane foam from acidic solution. Talanta, 54: 89 (and reference therein)  have been studied. Maximum sorption of Pb(II) ions (>94%) is achieved from 10^?4M HNO₃. Sorption data have been tested using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin‐Radushkevich (D‐R) sorption isotherms. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG have been evaluated. Kinetics of sorption is followed by Morris‐ Weber, Reichenberg and Lagergren equations. Influence of diverse ions on the sorption of Pb(II) ions is also investigated.