青海省成年居民膳食铝暴露风险评估

目的 评价青海省成年居民膳食铝的暴露水平及潜在的健康风险。方法 利用2015—2020年青海省7类共499份主要含铝食品的铝含量数据,以及《第五次中国总膳食研究》和2010—2013年中国居民营养与健康监测中的食物消费量数据,采用点评估的方法,评估青海省不同年龄-性别组成年居民的铝暴露水平及潜在风险。结果 7类主要含铝食品铝的平均含量为72.210 mg/kg,最大值为1 220.000 mg/kg。总检出率为77.96%(389/499),总超标率为19.72%(57/289)。其中,即食海蜇的检出率和超标率均为最高,分别为100.00%(11/11)、90.91%(10/11)。青海省成年居民铝的平均每日暴露量为0.080 mg/(kg·d),占暂定每周耐受摄入量(PTWI)的27.86%,谷物及其制品对青海省成年居民膳食铝暴露的贡献率最高,达88.07%。不同年龄-性别组成年居民以≥60岁年龄组女性每日铝暴露量最高,平均为0.086 mg/(kg·d),占PTWI的30.05%。各年龄-性别组成年居民膳食铝中位暴露量(铝含量取P50)和平均暴露量(铝含量取均值)占PTWI百分比均＜1。结论 青海省成年居民膳食铝摄入的健康风险较低,谷物及其制品为主要贡献食品。

Assessment on dietary exposure of aluminum among adult residents in Qinghai Province

Objective To evaluate the dietary exposure level of aluminum and its potential health risk among adult residents in Qinghai Province. Methods In this paper, the aluminum content of 499 samples of 7 kinds of main aluminum containing foods in Qinghai Province from 2015 to 2020, the Fifth China total dietary study and the food consumption data of nutrition and health monitoring of Chinese residents from 2010 to 2013 were used. The exposure level and potential risk of dietary aluminum in different age and sex groups of residents in Qinghai Province were evaluated by point evaluation method . Results The average content of aluminum in 7 kinds of main aluminum containing foods was 72.210 mg/kg, and the maximum was 1 220.000 mg/kg. The total detection rate was 77.96% (389/499), and the total over standard rate was 19.72% (57/289), among which the detection rate and over standard rate of instant jellyfish were 100.00% (11/11) and 90.91% (10/11) respectively. The average daily exposure of aluminum was 0.080 mg/(kg·d), accounting for 27.86% of the weekly provisional tolerable intake (PTWI). The contribution rate of cereals and their products was the highest, reaching 88.07%. Among the adult residents of different age and gender groups, the daily aluminum exposure of women aged 60 and above was the highest, with an average of 0.086 mg/(kg·d), accounting for 30.05% of PTWI. The median and average dietary aluminum exposure were both less than 1 of the PTWI. Conclusion The health risk of dietary intake of aluminum among adult residents in Qinghai Province was low, and cereals and their products were the main contribution foods.