Pretreatment and cleaning of hyperfiltration (reverse osmosis) membranes in municipal wastewater renovation |
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| Authors: | Georges Belfort |
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| Affiliation: | School of Applied Science and Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel |
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| Abstract: | Membrane fouling is a common cause of poor performance in hyperfiltration systems especially when treating wastewaters usually because it reduces the product flux to uneconomical levels. In the present paper various membrane cleaning methods are reviewed and related factors affecting process performance such as pretreatment, system geometry and membrane choice are discussed. Several leads in developing new membrane cleaning and pretreatment methods are also presented. |
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