Multiparametric analysis of anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of gold nanoprisms on mouse and human primary and transformed cells,biodistribution and toxicity in vivo |
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| Authors: | Marta Pérez-Hernández,María Moros,Grazyna Stepien,Pablo del Pino,Sebastián Menao,Marcelo de las Heras,Maykel Arias,Scott G. Mitchell,Beatriz Pelaz,Eva M. Gálvez,Jesús M. de la Fuente,Julián Pardo |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias,Universidad de Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain;2.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón (CIBA),Universidad de Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain;3.Instituto Universitario de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA),Universidad de Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain;4.Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems-CNR,Pozzuoli,Italy;5.Fundación Instituto Universitario de Nanociencia de Aragón (FINA),Universidad de Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain;6.CIBER in Bioengineering,Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN),Zaragoza,Spain;7.Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CiQUS) y Departamento de Física de Partículas,Universidade de Santiago de Compostela,Santiago de Compostela,Spain;8.Departamento de Bioquímica clínica. H.C.U. Lozano Blesa,Zaragoza,Spain;9.Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria,Universidad de Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain;10.Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón,CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain;11.Instituto de Carboquímica ICB-CSIC,Zaragoza,Spain;12.Departamento de Microbiología, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina,Universidad de Zaragoza,Zaragoza,Spain;13.Aragón I+D Foundation (ARAID),Gobierno de Aragón,Zaragoza,Spain |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe special physicochemical properties of gold nanoprisms make them very useful for biomedical applications including biosensing and cancer therapy. However, it is not clear how gold nanoprisms may affect cellular physiology including viability and other critical functions. We report a multiparametric investigation on the impact of gold-nanoprisms on mice and human, transformed and primary cells as well as tissue distribution and toxicity in vivo after parental injection.MethodsCellular uptake of the gold-nanoprisms (NPRs) and the most crucial parameters of cell fitness such as generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential, cell morphology and apoptosis were systematically assayed in cells. Organ distribution and toxicity including inflammatory response were analysed in vivo in mice at 3 days or 4 months after parental administration.ResultsInternalized gold-nanoprisms have a significant impact in cell morphology, mitochondrial function and ROS production, which however do not affect the potential of cells to proliferate and form colonies. In vivo NPRs were only detected in spleen and liver at 3 days and 4 months after administration, which correlated with some changes in tissue architecture. However, the main serum biochemical markers of organ damage and inflammation (TNFα and IFNγ) remained unaltered even after 4 months. In addition, animals did not show any macroscopic sign of toxicity and remained healthy during all the study period.ConclusionOur data indicate that these gold-nanoprisms are neither cytotoxic nor cytostatic in transformed and primary cells, and suggest that extensive parameters should be analysed in different cell types to draw useful conclusions on nanomaterials safety. Moreover, although there is a tendency for the NPRs to accumulate in liver and spleen, there is no observable negative impact on animal health. |
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