立式储油罐油气爆炸数值模拟研究

在储罐的维修改造中,由于封堵不严、罐板腐蚀穿孔等原因,焊接、切割、打磨时极易发生火灾和爆炸事故。采用Fluent软件对380 m³小罐内油气爆炸进行数值模拟,对比分析不同油气浓度及罐内不同含氧量对油气在罐内爆炸及火焰扩散的影响。经研究表明,油气爆炸存在最佳浓度范围和最佳初始含氧量,同时点火温度越高,气体的活化分子越多,油气的爆炸燃烧速度越快。该研究从数值计算的角度揭示了爆炸规律和机理,为提高安全风险意识及提升施工作业规范提供了积极的借鉴和警示作用。

Numerical Simulation of Oil Gas Explosion in Vertical Oil Storage Tank

In the maintenance and reconstruction process of storage tanks,fire and explosion accidents can easily occur during welding,cutting and grinding due to poor sealing and corrosion,and perforation of tank plates.In this paper,numerical simulation of oil and gas explosion in a 380 m3 small tank is carried out by Fluent software,and the effects of different oil and gas concentrations and oxygen contents in the tank on the explosion and flame diffusion of oil and gas in the tank are compared and analyzed.The research shows that there is an optimal concentration range and optimal initial oxygen content in oil and gas explosion.At the same time,the higher the ignition temperature,the more active molecules of gas,the faster the explosion combustion speed.The explosion law and mechanism are revealed from the perspective of numerical calculation,which provides positive references and warnings for improving the safety risk awareness and the construction operation specification effect.