亚澳地区油气形势及对我国的影响

亚澳地区天然气的资源潜力大于石油。石油储、产量分别仅占世界的0.9%和3.8%,且近年来呈下降趋势;石油消费量占世界的4.9%,且呈上升趋势。而天然气储、产量分别占世界的4.4%和4.8%。曾是重要石油输出国的印尼、澳大利亚已成为原油净进口国,曾大量输出原油的越南也将变成原油进口国,区内总体的原油进口量将日趋增大。新加坡是区内最大的原油进口国,但同时出口大量油品,出口对象是区内其他国家和东北亚。亚澳地区天然气的出口以LNG方式为主,澳大利亚、印尼、马来西亚、文莱是主要出口国,其出口量将大幅增长,主要输往东北亚的日、韩、中国大陆和台湾省以及区内其他国家。中国与这一邻区有着非常密切的经济关系,亚澳地区油气形势的变化对我国油气进出口将产生相当大的影响。中国从亚澳地区进口的原油将进一步减少,但油品互补贸易仍将居重要地位,LNG的进口会有大幅增长。

Oil and Gas Situation in Asia-Australia Region and Its Impacts on China

There is a greater potential of gas resources than that of oil resources in Asia-Australia region.Its oil reserves and production account for only 0.9% and 3.8% respectively in the world,and declined in the recent years.Its oil consumption accounts for about 4.9% in the world,and increased in the recent years.However,its gas reserves and production account for 4.4% and 4.8% respectively.Indonesia and Australia,the past major oil exporters ,have become pure oil importers ,and Vietnam that once exported a great deal of crude oil will also be an oil importer,with the total imported oil being increasingly expanded in the region.As the biggest crude oil importer in the region, Singapore is simultaneously exporting a great deal of oil products to- wards other countries in the region and the northeastern Asia.The gas exportation is predominated by LNG in the region,and the major importers are Australia,Indonesia,Malaysia and Brunei,with their exportation expanding greatly in the future.These gases are mainly exported to Japan,Korea and China in the northeastern Asia,Taiwan Province of China and other countries in the region.There is a very close economic relationship between China and this adjacent region,and the changes of oil and gas situation in the region will make considerable impacts on hydrocarbon importation and exportation in China.The oil that China imports from Asia-Australia region will decrease further,but a complementary trade of oil products will be still important between the two sides ,with the LNG importation being greatly increased in China.