输氯管线爆裂事故原因分析

某公司液氯储罐充装即将结束时，发生输氯软管爆裂、液氯泄漏事故，造成多人中毒。根据液击原理，分别对关阀液击升压及液氯管道材料进行计算和强度校核，并分析事故成因。结果表明，液击引起的最高升压可达2．6MPa，为正常工作压力（0．4MPa）的6．5倍，接近管道材料的抗拉强度极限。急关阀门导致液击及多次（反复）液击引起金属软管的早期失效是造成该输氯管道爆裂事故的主要技术原因。因此，在化工物料管路设计时应进行液击压力计算，操作时应采取相应措施以减少液击升压现象的发生。

The Analysis of Soft Tube Bursting for Feeding Liquefied Chlorine

A bursting accident of soft tube close to the entrance of the storage tank happens when the tank was filled and almost finished, which resulted in the leakage of liquefied chlorine and human chlorine gas poisoning. The maximal liquid hammer pressure caused by cutting off valve was calculated based on the theory of liquid hammer, and the strength of the tube was checked. The results show that the maximal liquid hammer pressure reaches to 2. 6 MPa, which is almost 6.5 times as high as the normal working pressure. The fatigue phenomenon of soft tube would happen as repeated liquid hammer. It would induce the premature failure of the tube which may be the technical reasons for this accident. It is deduced that the maximal liquid hammer pressure of the pipes should be taken in consideration at designing stage, and relevant measures should be taken to reduce the destructive power in operating.