基于多喷头并联的3D打印机控制系统的研究

针对现有的单喷头3D打印机在打印大体积模型或零件时打印时间长、打印精度低等问题，提出了一种基于多喷头并联的3D打印机控制系统的设计方法，实现在模型切片平面的多轨迹并联打印。设计了光固化树脂并联打印喷头；采用主从式系统结构，以双STM32F407ZGT为核心、双PCL6045BL和CPLD（complex programable logic device，复杂可编程逻辑器件）为控制终端，搭建了一套双CPU （central processing unit，中央处理单元）的嵌入式3D打印机硬件控制系统；基于喷头切向跟踪原理和等间距打印原则，推导了二轴-四轴插补数据转换算法，实现了“二轴”轨迹数据到“四轴”插补加工数据的转换；设计了并联打印数据预处理程序、并联打印控制程序和并联打印脉冲输出控制程序以实现多轨迹并联打印控制；进行了控制系统的实验测试，对比了多喷头并联与单喷头3D打印机的实际打印效果。结果表明：与传统的单喷头打印方式相比，采用多喷头并联打印方式可以显著提高打印效率和打印精度，且打印质量较好。研究结果为大体积打印件的快速加工成型提供了一种切实可行的解决方案，具有一定的实用价值。

Research on 3D printer control system based on multiple nozzles in parallel

Aiming at the problem of long printing time and low printing accuracy of the existing single nozzle 3D printer when printing large-volume models or parts,a design method of 3D printer control system based on multiple nozzles in parallel was proposed to realize multi-track parallel printing in the model slice plane.The parallel printing nozzles of light-cured resin was designed;a set of embedded 3D printer hardware control system with two CPUs(central processing unit)was built with master-slave system structure,dual STM32F407ZGT as the core,dual PCL6045BL and CPLD(complex programmable logic device)as the control terminal;based on the nozzle tangential tracking principle and equal spacing printing principle,the two axis-four axis interpolation data conversion algorithm was deduced,and the conversion from"two axis"trajectory data to"four axis"interpolation processing data was realized;parallel print data preprocessing program,parallel print control program and parallel print pulse output control program were designed to realize multi-track parallel print control;the experimental test of the control system was carried out,and the actual printing effects of multi-nozzle parallel and single nozzle 3D printer were compared.The results showed that compared with the traditional single nozzle printing method,using the multi-nozzle parallel printing method could significantly improve the printing efficiency and printing accuracy,and the printing quality was better.The research results provide a practical solution for the rapid processing of large volume printed parts,and have a certain practical value.